Tear ducts are tiny channels located in the inner corners of your eyes. They are responsible for draining tears from the surface of your eyes into the nasal cavity. Tear duct drainage keeps your eyes moist and removes debris. It also operates to prevent infection. When your tear ducts properly drain, tears easily flow, and your eyes are clear. However, drainage issues can cause serious issues. When the system malfunctions or is blocked, tears overflow onto the cheeks. This can lead to chronic tearing, irritation, and infection. Treatment is necessary to address the issue and prevent further harm. You may wonder, why do tear duct drainage issues occur?
Why Do Tear Duct Drainage Issues Occur?
Tear duct issues affect people of all ages. Medically, the condition is referred to as nasolacrimal duct obstruction. There are several reasons why it occurs. Below you will find the most common reasons for tear duct drainage issues.
Congenital
Sometimes babies are born with narrow or blocked tear ducts. In infants, this is due to a membrane at the end of the tear duct. It fails to open naturally after birth. In many cases, the blockage resolves on its own within the first year of the infant’s life. However, some cases may require a minor surgery to address the issue. Babies with persistent tear duct obstruction may experience constant tearing, persistent eye infections, or mucus discharge. It is important to work closely with an eyelid surgeon if your child is born with tear duct issues. Early intervention leads to better outcomes for their development.
Age–Related
The natural aging process can lead to tear duct problems. This occurs due to the natural changes in the tissue and anatomy. The ducts can narrow, scar, or become inflamed. Any of these issues can make it more difficult for tears to flow normally. Older adults also experience other eyelid issues. A common issue includes entropion, which occurs when the lower eyelid turns outward. This eye issue can prevent proper drainage. Several age-related eye conditions can lead to tear duct issues. Prompt treatment can reduce the impact on overall quality of life and vision.
Infections and Inflammation
Recurrent eye infections or chronic inflammation can lead to tear duct blockage. Infections in the tear sac can cause swelling and pus accumulation. This obstructs normal tear flow. Similarly, sinus infections or severe allergic reactions can cause inflammation in the tear duct and surrounding areas. Inflammation has been proven to reduce drainage efficiency. Leaving infections untreated can exacerbate the issue and lead to more serious complications.
Trauma or Injury
Trauma or injury to the eye area can damage the tear drainage system. Scar tissue or misalignment of the duct pathway can prevent tears from reaching the nasal cavity. This can lead to discomfort and persistent tearing. This is common when there is a fracture to the nasal bridge or an injury to the eyelid. In rare cases, it can also be caused by surgical procedures. Working with a skilled and experienced eyelid surgeon is important. They understand the unique complexity and delicate nature of the eye and surrounding structures.
When to See an Eyelid Surgeon
You may wonder when it is time to see an eyelid surgeon. Certain symptoms indicate that you need professional treatment. Persistent tearing, frequent eye infections, or swelling around the inner corner are signs that it is time to contact an eyelid surgeon. An evaluation can determine the cause of the issue. You can also get a customized treatment plan based on your unique needs. If you experience any of the following, schedule an appointment right away.
- Continuous overflow of tears
- Redness, swelling, or discharge from your eyes
- Pain near the tear sac
- Chronic eye irritation
- Vision changes
- Difficulty keeping your eyes clear
- Frequent eye infections
At your evaluation, the eyelid surgeon may perform tests to determine the location and severity of the blockage. Be prepared to discuss your symptoms, their severity, and how long you have had them. There are safe and effective treatment options that can address the issue.
Minor tear duct issues may be addressed with less invasive methods. However, more persistent and severe cases benefit from surgical intervention. Children with tear duct blockage benefit from balloon catheter dilation. It may also be effective for adults with partial blockages. However, dacryocystorhinostomy (DCR) surgery is also highly effective. Both procedures aim to restore normal tear drainage or create a new pathway for tears. Early intervention is essential to improving your outcomes.
Top Eyelid Surgeon
If you are struggling with any of the symptoms associated with tear duct issues, contact the team at Jeffrey Joseph Ophthalmic Plastic Surgery today to schedule an appointment!